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Mar 02, 2016 So we can also use dd tool for data backup and restore from one device into another device. Create Bootable USB Drive Using dd Command On Linux. First format your pen drive. In order to format our pen drive we need to unmount the device from the operating system. Unmount is nothing but an removing device from directory tree. Format the USB drive. Apple is known for defining its own standards and no surprises that Mac OS X.

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1General
2TFTP Tools
3Windows
5Linux

[edit]General

This article describes how to do an initial flash or a TFTP recovery flash for your device.

Unplug the router, get a TFTP client for the PC, and connect it via network cable to a router LAN port
Set a fixed IP address on the PC with the same network as your router, e.g. Router: 192.168.1.1, PC: 192.168.1.2
Get a known good DD-WRT release. Use the Supported_Devices, the device wiki, or the forum for recommended files.
- For recovering a bad flash, the OEM firmware might be required
- Use a mini build for 4+ MB flash devices (when possible) or micro build for 2 MB flash devices
Setup the TFTP client, then start a continuous ping (-t switch is needed for this in Windows) to the router
Plug in the router and start the TFTP client as soon as there is a TTL=100 ping response. The client should show transfer.
- TTL=64 means application code has been reached. If the router isn't responding, it is soft-bricked (use OEM firmware)
- Read about timing problems below: TFTP flash#Special for Vista, Win7 and Win 2008

[edit]Special Asus TFTP Flashing Procedures

Some routers like the Asus WL-500xx series (WL-500G, WL-500G Premium, WL-500W, WL-500G Deluxe), need additional steps to perform a complete and proper initial flash. See this wiki page: Asus TFTP Flash

[edit]Special for Vista, Win7 and Win 2008

In order to catch the narrow window for TFTP flash, you should use platforms with simple TCP/IP implementations that don't have CTCP implemented: Windows XP or Linux are reported to work, but some have reported significant problems with Vista, Windows 7 or Windows 2008.

For more information see this posting

Edit: While some may have reported problems, CTCP is definitely not the issue, because it is disabled by default in Windows Vista and Windows 7. So unless people are specifically turning it on, it isn't running. I personally just used TFTP on my router with no difficulties, although mine is a Netgear WNDR3700 that was waiting for a TFTP flash and didn't have this race condition at boot as some of these routers seem to. But again, even if you have an issue it's not CTCP. Check out the wikipedia article on CTCP for information on how to check if it is running and how to disable it (both are simple command line entries).

If having issues, try connecting a separate network switch between the PC and router, so the PC network port sees a connection before the router port is up. This should allow for a faster ping reply. Then follow the instructions as normal.

[edit]Special for Linksys WRT54GL Users

Mac Os For Pc

If the router seems to be bricked so that the power light is constantly blinking and pinging the router results in TLL=100 continuously, then there is still a great chance that tftp can help. Firstly you must flash the router with the original firmware available at Linksys homepage www.linksys.com, since flashing it with DD-WRT probably won't give any result at all. Then do a 30/30/30 and after that you can flash with DD-WRT Mini. The initial flashing can be done with only the mini version, perhaps later you can move on to bigger versions of it.

[edit]TFTP Tools

With TFTP, all of the information about the transfer is specified during the initial command/setup; there is very little client/server interaction compared with standard FTP.

[edit]Windows

Windows XP command line TFTP: TFTP client is by default enabled

Vista and Win7 command line TFTP: You need to enable it in Control Panel -> Programs and Features -> Windows Features -> check mark: TFTP Client

Windows GUI TFTP utilities:

Simple Windows GUI TFTP Utility (tftp2.exe)

- The server/IP address is that of the router being flashed.

- Leave the password blank.

- Navigate and select the firmware you wish to flash.

- Set retries to a number between 10 and 99.

No-nonsense open source TFTP tool, Tftpd32 includes TFTP client as well as DHCP, TFTP, SNTP and syslog servers

[edit]Linux

Ubuntu: install TFTP client with command sudo apt-get install tftp
ATFTP: See install details for several different Linux flavors Using atftp on Linux as well as useage description and example below.

[edit]Mac OS X

OS X ships with a command-line TFTP client.

connect 192.168.1.1

[edit]Windows

[edit]Command Line

This example is after a bricked update, using a Belkin f5d130uk (which has a bootloader built in, no need for redboot)

ping the router permanently, by running in Start > Run:

and see if it is responding, e.g. like this

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reboot the router via web-if or powercycle (the ping response will stop)
if you see the the first ping response again ..

.. you will have to start the tftp upload in binary mode immediately after the first pings responses. The TTL of the boot tftp server will be 100 or 128. It usually does 5 pings responses, after that it will boot the firmware in flash, this is the right time to flash (the TTL of DD-WRT is only 64). If the upload doesn't work the first time, then you have to try the first steps again. you have to be very fast! ;-) Maybe you will have to reset the device via reset button a few times to get the tftp boot working (Siemens, Belkin and similar hardware).

wait a few seconds (be patient! don't reset the router! keep waiting!) when the upload is successful, change your computer's IP address to 192.168.1.10, and the router will start responding at 192.168.1.1 with DD-WRT
user name: root, password: admin
always do a hardware factory reset after the successful flashing!

[edit]Linksys TFTP GUI

Linksys has a GUI flash utility

Special for Vista, Win7 and Win 2008

In order to catch the narrow window for TFTP flash, you should use platforms with simple TCP/IP implementations that don't have CTCP implemented: Windows XP or Linux are reported to work, but some have reported significant problems with Vista, Win7 or W2K8.

For more information see this posting

Here are the setup and use instructions for the TFTP utility.Both the Linksys original and a Linksys updated copy can be found here TFTP

Set your computer hardware adapter to a static IP address within the same subnet as th

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